Sabata ino, ozimitsa moto adapempha koyamba kuti ayesedwe paokha a PFAS, mankhwala okhudzana ndi khansa mu zida, ndipo adapempha mgwirizanowu kuti usiye kuthandizira opanga mankhwala ndi zida.
Sean Mitchell, wotsogolera dipatimenti yamoto ya Nantucket, ankagwira ntchito tsiku lililonse kwa zaka 15.Kuvala suti yaikulu imeneyo kungamuteteze ku kutentha ndi moto kuntchito.Koma chaka chatha, iye ndi gulu lake anakumana ndi kafukufuku wosokoneza: mankhwala oopsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza miyoyo akhoza kuwadwalitsa kwambiri.
Sabata ino, Captain Mitchell ndi mamembala ena a International Firefighters Association, bungwe lalikulu kwambiri la ozimitsa moto ku United States, adapempha akuluakulu a bungwe kuti achitepo kanthu.Akuyembekeza kuchita mayeso odziyimira pawokha pa PFAS ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito, ndikupempha mgwirizanowu kuti uchotse thandizo la opanga zida ndi makampani opanga mankhwala.M'masiku angapo otsatira, zikuyembekezeka kuti nthumwi zoimira mamembala opitilira 300,000 amgwirizanowu adzavotera muyeso-kwanthawi yoyamba.
"Timakumana ndi mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse," adatero Captain Mitchell.Ndipo ndikamaphunzira kwambiri, m’pamenenso ndimadziona kuti ndine ndekha amene amapanga mankhwala amenewa.”
Ndi kuipiraipira kwa zotsatira za kusintha kwa nyengo, chitetezo cha ozimitsa moto chakhala vuto lachangu lomwe liyenera kuthetsedwa.Kusintha kwanyengo kwawonjezera kutentha ndikupangitsa kuti dziko livutike ndi moto wowononga kwambiri, zomwe zikuyambitsa izi.Mu Okutobala, ozimitsa moto khumi ndi awiri ku California adasumira 3M, Chemours, EI du Pont de Nemours ndi opanga ena.Chaka chatha, maekala 4.2 miliyoni adawotchedwa m'boma, ponena kuti makampaniwa adapanga dala kwazaka zambiri.Ndi malonda a zida zozimitsa moto.Muli mankhwala oopsa osachenjeza za kuopsa kwa mankhwala.
”Kuzimitsa moto ndi ntchito yowopsa ndipo sitikufuna ozimitsa moto athu ayatse moto.Amafunikira chitetezo ichi. ”anatero Linda Birnbaum, mkulu wakale wa National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences."Koma tsopano tikudziwa kuti PFAS imatha kugwira ntchito, ndipo sizigwira ntchito nthawi zonse."
Dr. Birnbaum anawonjezera kuti: “Mathirakiti ambiri opuma amachoka ndi kuloŵa mumpweya, ndipo kupuma kumakhala m’manja ndi m’matupi awo.”"Akapita kunyumba kukasamba, atenga PFAS kunyumba.
DuPont inanena kuti "idakhumudwitsidwa" ndi ozimitsa moto omwe akufuna kuti aletse kuthandizidwa, ndipo kudzipereka kwawo pantchitoyo kunali "kosagwedezeka."3M idati ili ndi "udindo" wa PFAS ndipo ikupitiliza kugwira ntchito ndi mabungwe.Chemours anakana kuyankhapo.
Poyerekeza ndi malawi oyaka moto, nyumba zozunguliridwa ndi utsi kapena gehena zankhalango kumene ozimitsa moto akumenyana, kuopsa kwa makemikolo a m’zida zozimira moto kumaoneka ngati kopepuka.Koma m'zaka makumi atatu zapitazi, khansa yakhala ikuyambitsa kufa kwa ozimitsa moto m'dziko lonselo, zomwe zikuchititsa kuti 75% mwa anthu ozimitsa moto afa mu 2019.
Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health ku United States anapeza kuti chiopsezo cha khansa ya ozimitsa moto ndi 9% kuposa chiwerengero cha anthu ku United States ndipo chiopsezo chomwalira ndi matendawa ndi 14%.Akatswiri a zaumoyo amanena kuti ozimitsa moto ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya testicular, mesothelioma ndi non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, ndipo chiwerengerocho sichinachepe, ngakhale kuti ozimitsa moto aku America tsopano amagwiritsa ntchito zikwama za airbags zofanana ndi zida zodumphira pansi kuti adziteteze ku utsi woopsa wa Moto.
Jim Burneka, wozimitsa moto ku Dayton, Ohio, anati: “Ichi si imfa pa ntchito yachikale.Ozimitsa moto amagwera pansi kapena denga likugwera pafupi ndi ife. "Padziko Lonse Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa kwa ogwira ntchito."Iyi ndi mtundu watsopano wa imfa yodalirika.Cakali mulimo uutugwasya.Kungoti tinavula nsapato n’kufa.”
Ngakhale kuti n'zovuta kukhazikitsa kugwirizana kwachindunji pakati pa kukhudzana ndi mankhwala ndi khansa, makamaka pazochitika zaumwini, akatswiri a zaumoyo amachenjeza kuti kukhudzidwa kwa mankhwala kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa kwa ozimitsa moto.Wopalamula: thovu lomwe ozimitsa moto amagwiritsa ntchito pozimitsa moto wowopsa kwambiri.Mayiko ena achitapo kanthu kuti aletse kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo.
Komabe, kafukufuku wofalitsidwa chaka chatha ndi ofufuza ochokera ku yunivesite ya Notre Dame anapeza kuti zovala zotetezera ozimitsa moto zimakhala ndi mankhwala ambiri ofanana kuti asunge zovala zoteteza madzi.Ofufuza apeza kuti mankhwalawa amagwa kuchokera ku zovala, kapena nthawi zina amasamukira mkati mwa malaya.
Mankhwala omwe akufunsidwawa ali m'gulu lazinthu zopangira zotchedwa perfluoroalkyl ndi polyfluoroalkyl substances, kapena PFAS, zomwe zimapezeka muzinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mabokosi opangira zakudya ndi mipando.PFAS nthawi zina imatchedwa "mankhwala osatha" chifukwa samawonongeka kwathunthu m'chilengedwe ndipo chifukwa chake amalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana zaumoyo, kuphatikiza khansa, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kuchepa kwa chonde, mphumu, ndi matenda a chithokomiro.
Graham F. Peaslee, pulofesa wa sayansi ya nyukiliya yoyesera, chemistry ndi biochemistry ku Notre Dame de Paris, yemwe amayang'anira kafukufukuyu, adanena kuti ngakhale kuti mitundu ina ya PFAS ikuchotsedwa, njira zina sizinatsimikizidwe kuti ndizotetezeka.
Dr. Peaslee anati: “Ichi ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu, koma tingathe kuthetsa vuto limeneli, koma simungathetse ngozi yothyola nyumba imene ikuyaka.”“Ndipo sanauze ozimitsa moto za nkhaniyi.Choncho avala, akuyendayenda pakati pa maitanidwe.Iye anatero."Kulumikizana kwanthawi yayitali, sizabwino."
Doug W. Stern, mkulu wa zoulutsira nkhani za bungwe la International Firefighters Association, ananena kuti kwa zaka zambiri, zakhala lamulo ndi chizoloŵezi chakuti mamembala amangovala zida zozimitsa moto pakakhala moto kapena mwadzidzidzi.
Boma la Biden lati lipangitsa PFAS kukhala yofunika kwambiri.M'makalata ake a kampeni, Purezidenti Biden adalonjeza kuti adzasankha PFOS ngati chinthu chowopsa kuti opanga ndi owononga ena azilipira pakuyeretsa ndikukhazikitsa miyezo yamadzi akumwa padziko lonse lapansi.New York, Maine ndi Washington achitapo kale kanthu kuti aletse PFAS m'mapaketi a chakudya, ndipo zoletsa zina zilinso papaipi.
"Ndikoyenera kusiya PFAS pazinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku monga chakudya, zodzoladzola, nsalu, makapeti," atero a Scott Faber, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa boma la Environmental Working Group, bungwe lopanda phindu lomwe limagwira ntchito zaukhondo."Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa ozimitsa moto omwe akuwululidwa ndiwokwera kwambiri."
Lona.Ron Glass, pulezidenti wa Orlando Professional Fire Workers Association, wakhala wozimitsa moto kwa zaka 25.M’chaka chathachi, anzake awiri anamwalira ndi khansa.Iye anati: “Pamene ndinalembedwa ntchito koyamba, chimene chinachititsa imfa kwambiri chinali ngozi ya moto kuntchito ndipo kenako matenda a mtima.”"Tsopano zonse ndi khansa."
"Poyamba, aliyense ankaimba mlandu zipangizo zosiyanasiyana kapena thovu zomwe zinapsa.Kenako, tinayamba kuliphunzira mozama kwambiri ndipo tinayamba kuphunzira zipangizo zathu za m’chipinda chapansi pa nyumba.”Iye anatero."Poyamba, wopanga adatiuza kuti palibe cholakwika komanso palibe vuto.Zikuwonekeratu kuti PFAS sikuti ili pachigoba chakunja kokha, komanso motsutsana ndi khungu lathu mkati. ”
Lieutenant Glass ndi ogwira nawo ntchito tsopano akulimbikitsa bungwe la International Firefighters Association (lomwe limaimira ozimitsa moto ndi azachipatala ku United States ndi Canada) kuti ayesetsenso.Malingaliro awo adaperekedwa ku msonkhano wapachaka wa bungweli sabata ino, ndipo adapemphanso bungweli kuti ligwire ntchito ndi opanga kupanga njira zina zotetezeka.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Captain Mitchell akulimbikitsa mabungwe kuti akane chithandizo chamtsogolo kuchokera kwa opanga mankhwala ndi zipangizo.Iye akukhulupirira kuti ndalamazo zachepetsa kuchitapo kanthu pankhaniyi.Zolemba zikuwonetsa kuti mu 2018, mgwirizanowu udalandira ndalama pafupifupi $200,000 kuchokera kumakampani kuphatikiza wopanga nsalu WL Gore ndi wopanga zida MSA Safety.
Bambo Stern adanena kuti mgwirizanowu umathandizira kafukufuku wa PFAS pokhudzana ndi sayansi yokhudzana ndi zida zozimitsa moto ndipo ikugwirizana ndi ochita kafukufuku pa maphunziro atatu akuluakulu, imodzi yokhudzana ndi PFAS m'magazi a ozimitsa moto, ndipo wina amaphunzira fumbi la dipatimenti yamoto kuti adziwe zomwe zili mu PFAS, ndi mayeso achitatu a zida zozimitsa moto za PFAS.Anatinso mgwirizanowu umathandiziranso ofufuza ena omwe amapempha ndalama kuti aphunzire za PFAS.
WL Gore adati akukhalabe ndi chidaliro pachitetezo chazinthu zake.MSA Security sanayankhe pempho loti apereke ndemanga.
Cholepheretsa china ndi chakuti opanga amakhala ndi udindo wofunikira mu National Fire Protection Association, yomwe imayang'anira miyezo ya zida zamoto.Mwachitsanzo, theka la mamembala a komiti omwe ali ndi udindo woyang'anira miyezo ya zovala ndi zipangizo zotetezera amachokera ku makampani.Mneneri wa bungweli ananena kuti makomitiwa akuimira “zokonda zake, kuphatikizapo ozimitsa moto.”
Paul, mwamuna wa Diane Cotter, ozimitsa moto ku Worcester, Massachusetts, anauzidwa zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri zapitazo kuti anali ndi kansa.Iye anali m'modzi mwa oyamba kunena nkhawa za PFAS.Pambuyo pa zaka 27 zautumiki, mwamuna wake anangokwezedwa kukhala lieutenant mu September 2014. “Koma mu October, ntchito yake inatha,” anatero Mayi Kotter.Anamupeza ndi khansa.Ndipo sindingakuuzeni momwe zimadzidzimutsa.“
Ananenanso kuti ozimitsa moto ku Europe sagwiritsanso ntchito PFAS, koma atayamba kulemba opanga ku United States, "palibe yankho."Iye adati zomwe adachita m’bungweli ndi zofunika, ngakhale kuti mwamuna wake adali atachedwa.Mayi Kurt anati: “Chovuta kwambiri n’chakuti sangabwerere kuntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-04-2021